Approximately 34 million people.
The official language is Spanish, with Quechua and Aymara also recognized as official in certain regions.
Lima (capital, economic and cultural center, historic Spanish colonial city), Arequipa (known for white volcanic stone buildings), Cusco (former Incan capital, major tourist hub), Trujillo (known for colonial architecture and surfing)
Rich in Incan heritage, with indigenous languages like Quechua and Aymara still spoken. Festivals like Inti Raymi, Andean textiles, and Peruvian cuisine (ceviche, lomo saltado) are notable.
Peruvian Sol (PEN), relatively stable compared to other Latin American currencies.
Iconic dishes include ceviche (marinated raw fish), lomo saltado (stir-fried beef), aji de gallina (creamy chicken stew), and cuy (roasted guinea pig).
Varies by region: arid coastal desert, temperate Andean highlands, and hot, humid Amazon rainforest. The Andes experience a wet season from December to April.
Notable wildlife includes jaguars, Andean condors, spectacled bears, pink river dolphins, and a vast number of Amazon rainforest species.
Cultural Considerations
Respect for indigenous cultures: Peru has a rich indigenous heritage, and it�s important to show respect when visiting indigenous communities or cultural sites. Always ask permission before taking photographs, especially of people.
Dress modestly: When visiting churches, rural areas, or indigenous villages, it�s important to dress modestly and conservatively.
Public behavior: While public displays of affection are generally acceptable, they should be kept to a minimum in more traditional areas.
Respect for personal space: Peruvians value personal space, especially in public places, so be aware of your proximity to others.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the visa requirements for U.S. travelers?
For up-to-date visa requirements, please visit our Visas & Entry Requirements page. You can use our interactive widget to easily check specific visa details, or find useful links and information related to entry requirements.
What are health and safety considerations for travelers?
Peru has a developing healthcare system, with more advanced medical facilities in Lima and other major cities. Malaria is a risk in some regions, particularly the Amazon, so antimalarial medications and insect repellent are recommended. Tap water is generally not safe to drink, so bottled water should be used. Vaccinations for hepatitis A, B, and typhoid are recommended.